See -nik on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sla"
},
"expansion": "Slavic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-ник"
},
"expansion": "Russian -ник (-nik)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "yi",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the Slavic suffix represented by Russian -ник (-nik). This suffix experienced a surge in English coinages for nicknames and diminutives after the Soviet launch of the first Sputnik satellite in 1957. Its usage in English is heavily influenced by Yiddish usage of ־ניק (-nik) and similar borrowed words (nogoodnik, nudnik, kibbutznik).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-niks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-niki",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikim",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s",
"2": "-niki",
"3": "-nikim"
},
"expansion": "-nik (noun-forming suffix, plural -niks or -niki or -nikim)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form nouns denoting a person who exemplifies, endorses, or is associated with a specified thing or quality, often a particular ideology or preference."
],
"id": "en--nik-en-suffix-5kK-vz0H",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
],
[
"exemplifies",
"exemplify#English"
],
[
"endorse",
"endorse#English"
],
[
"ideology",
"ideology#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sometimes derogatory) Used to form nouns denoting a person who exemplifies, endorses, or is associated with a specified thing or quality, often a particular ideology or preference."
],
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"morpheme",
"sometimes"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "used to form nouns denoting a person who exemplifies, endorses or is associated with a specified thing or quality",
"word": "-nyik"
}
]
}
],
"word": "-nik"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eu",
"2": "-n<naf><t:that>",
"3": "-ik<pos:partitive suffix>"
},
"expansion": "-n (“that”) + -ik (partitive suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From -n (“that”) + -ik (partitive suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-enik",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eu",
"2": "conjunction",
"cat2": "clitics"
},
"expansion": "-nik",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Basque",
"lang_code": "eu",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Basque clitics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Basque entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Basque terms suffixed with -ik",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
24,
28
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
13,
17
]
],
"english": "I didn't say that they'll come.",
"text": "Ez dut esan etorriko direnik.",
"translation": "I didn't say that they'll come.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Negative polarity item used to form relative clauses, that"
],
"id": "en--nik-eu-conj-n~Aq67k0",
"links": [
[
"that",
"that"
]
]
}
],
"word": "-nik"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "-nikka"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian -nikka",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "-nikā"
},
"expansion": "Livonian -nikā",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "-nieks"
},
"expansion": "Latvian -nieks",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-ник"
},
"expansion": "Russian -ник (-nik)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compare Ingrian -nikka, Livonian -nikā, Latvian -nieks and Russian -ник (-nik).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-niku",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikku",
"tags": [
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "et-decl-õnnelik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "length gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "25/õnnelik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-nik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikud",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikud",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-niku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikud",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-niku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nike",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikkude",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikkusid",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikusse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikkudesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikkudes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikust",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikkudest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikkudele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikkudel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikult",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikelt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikkudelt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikuks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikeks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikkudeks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikuni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikkudeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikuna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikkudena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikuta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-niketa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikkudeta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikuga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikkudega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"10": "",
"2": "suffixes",
"3": "genitive",
"4": "-niku",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "partitive",
"8": "-nikku",
"9": "",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"f1accel-form": "gen|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f2accel-form": "gen|s",
"f3accel-form": "par|s",
"f3request": "1",
"f4accel-form": "par|s",
"g": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-nik (genitive -niku, partitive -nikku)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-niku",
"2": "-nikku",
"suff": "1"
},
"expansion": "-nik (genitive -niku, partitive -nikku)",
"name": "et-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ni"
},
"name": "et-decl-õnnelik"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Estonian õnnelik-type nominals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "kiri (“text”) + -nik → kirjanik (“writer”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "aed (“garden”) + -nik → aednik (“gardener”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "kunst (“art”) + -nik → kunstnik (“artist”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms occupational agent nouns. (non-productive)"
],
"id": "en--nik-et-suffix-lcISQGeL",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-nik"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-nikъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-nikъ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *-nikъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dsb-decl-noun-19",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-nik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nika",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-niki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nika",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikowu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikoju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nika",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikowu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-niki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-niku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dsb-decl-noun-19",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-nik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nika",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-niki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nika",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikowu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikoju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nika",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-niki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-niku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "-nik m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ni",
"2": "k",
"animate": "1"
},
"name": "dsb-decl-noun-19"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-nik",
"10": "-nika",
"11": "-nikowu",
"12": "-niki, -nikow",
"13": "-nikom",
"14": "-nikoma",
"15": "-nikami",
"16": "-niku",
"17": "-nikoma",
"18": "-nikach",
"2": "-nika",
"3": "-niki",
"4": "-nika",
"5": "-nikowu",
"6": "-nikow",
"7": "-nikoju",
"8": "-nikoma",
"9": "-nikam",
"name": "-nik"
},
"name": "dsb-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ni",
"2": "k"
},
"name": "dsb-decl-noun-19"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-nik",
"10": "-nik",
"11": "-nika",
"12": "-niki",
"13": "-nikom",
"14": "-nikoma",
"15": "-nikami",
"16": "-niku",
"17": "-nikoma",
"18": "-nikach",
"2": "-nika",
"3": "-niki",
"4": "-nika",
"5": "-nikowu",
"6": "-nikow",
"7": "-nikoju",
"8": "-nikoma",
"9": "-nikam",
"name": "-nik"
},
"name": "dsb-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lower Sorbian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "rězaś (“to cut”) + -nik → rěznik (“butcher”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms masculine nouns referring to a performer of some action, sometimes a device; -er"
],
"id": "en--nik-dsb-suffix-YO5sgMsL",
"links": [
[
"-er",
"-er"
]
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-nica"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/nʲik/"
}
],
"word": "-nik"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "-nikan",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oj",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "-nikan",
"5": "obligatorily possessed",
"cat2": "inanimate nouns",
"cat3": "dependent inanimate nouns"
},
"expansion": "-nik (plural -nikan, obligatorily possessed)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ojibwe",
"lang_code": "oj",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ojibwe entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "oj",
"name": "Body parts",
"orig": "oj:Body parts",
"parents": [
"Anatomy"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "right hand",
"translation": "right hand",
"word": "gichinik"
},
{
"english": "your arm",
"translation": "your arm",
"word": "ginik"
},
{
"english": "one arm; one armlength",
"translation": "one arm; one armlength",
"word": "ingodonik"
},
{
"english": "bracelet; garter",
"translation": "bracelet; garter",
"word": "jiiskinikebizon"
},
{
"english": "ten arms; ten armlengths",
"translation": "ten arms; ten armlengths",
"word": "midaasonik"
},
{
"english": "armband; bracelet",
"translation": "armband; bracelet",
"word": "minikeyaab"
},
{
"english": "my arm",
"translation": "my arm",
"word": "ninik"
},
{
"english": "his arm",
"translation": "his arm",
"word": "onik"
}
],
"glosses": [
"arm"
],
"id": "en--nik-oj-noun-3ff~Xr2d",
"links": [
[
"arm",
"arm"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "-nik-"
},
{
"word": "-nike-"
}
],
"tags": [
"possessed-form"
]
}
],
"word": "-nik"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "-nik"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sla-pro:*-nikъ<id:nominal>",
"id": "nominal",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *-nъ\nProto-Indo-European *-eykos\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-eikas\nProto-Slavic *-ikъ\nProto-Slavic *-nikъ\nOld Polish -nik\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-eikas\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ikъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-nikъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"-nik\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" }\" data-id=\"nominal\" data-lang=\"zlw-opl\" data-title=\"-nik\" id=\"Old_Polish:_nominal\">\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *-nikъ.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *-nъ\nProto-Indo-European *-eykos\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-eikas\nProto-Slavic *-ikъ\nProto-Slavic *-nikъ\nOld Polish -nik\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *-nikъ.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "-nik m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms masculine nouns referring to a performer of some action, sometimes a device"
],
"id": "en--nik-zlw-opl-suffix-mqtRKzBv",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/niːk/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/nik/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "-nik"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-opl:-nik<id:nominal>",
"id": "nominal",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *-nъ\nProto-Indo-European *-eykos\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-eikas\nProto-Slavic *-ikъ\nProto-Slavic *-nikъ\nOld Polish -nik\nPolish -nik\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-eikas\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ikъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-nikъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"-nik\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"-nik\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-id=\"nominal\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"-nik\" id=\"Polish:_nominal\">\nInherited from Old Polish -nik.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *-nъ\nProto-Indo-European *-eykos\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-eikas\nProto-Slavic *-ikъ\nProto-Slavic *-nikъ\nOld Polish -nik\nPolish -nik\nInherited from Old Polish -nik.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-masc-pers",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-nik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nicy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-niki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nika",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ników",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nika",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ników",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-niku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-niku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nicy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-masc-ani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-nik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-niki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nika",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ników",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nika",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-niki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-niku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-niku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-niki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "-nik m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"-nik"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"",
"nik"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ni",
"2": "k",
"3": "-nicy"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-masc-pers"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ni",
"2": "k"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-masc-ani"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "rola + -nik → rolnik",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms masculine nouns referring to a performer of some action, sometimes a device; -er"
],
"id": "en--nik-pl-suffix-NtayI1nK",
"links": [
[
"-er",
"-er"
]
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-nica"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɲik/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ik"
}
],
"word": "-nik"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-nikъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-nikъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-nikъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-nikъ",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-nikъ, *-ьnikъ, itself originally by nominalization of adjectives in *-ьnъ with the suffix *-ikъ (whence -ik). The suffix originates from the Proto-Balto-Slavic period; compare with dialectal Lithuanian lauk-inykas (“peasant, farmer”) (from laũkas (“field”)) and Old Prussian lauk-inikis (“vassal”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ник",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-nik (Cyrillic spelling -ник)",
"name": "sh-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lithuanian links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "-enik"
},
{
"word": "-evnik"
},
{
"word": "-ovnik"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix appended to nominal stems to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a professional, performer, adherent, place, object, tool or a feature."
],
"id": "en--nik-sh-suffix-WSgnZigN",
"related": [
{
"word": "-ik"
},
{
"word": "-ica"
},
{
"word": "-nica"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-nik"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eu",
"2": "-n<naf><t:that>",
"3": "-ik<pos:partitive suffix>"
},
"expansion": "-n (“that”) + -ik (partitive suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From -n (“that”) + -ik (partitive suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-enik",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eu",
"2": "conjunction",
"cat2": "clitics"
},
"expansion": "-nik",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Basque",
"lang_code": "eu",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Basque clitics",
"Basque conjunctions",
"Basque entries with incorrect language header",
"Basque lemmas",
"Basque terms suffixed with -ik",
"Basque terms with usage examples",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
24,
28
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
13,
17
]
],
"english": "I didn't say that they'll come.",
"text": "Ez dut esan etorriko direnik.",
"translation": "I didn't say that they'll come.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Negative polarity item used to form relative clauses, that"
],
"links": [
[
"that",
"that"
]
]
}
],
"word": "-nik"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sla"
},
"expansion": "Slavic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-ник"
},
"expansion": "Russian -ник (-nik)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "yi",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the Slavic suffix represented by Russian -ник (-nik). This suffix experienced a surge in English coinages for nicknames and diminutives after the Soviet launch of the first Sputnik satellite in 1957. Its usage in English is heavily influenced by Yiddish usage of ־ניק (-nik) and similar borrowed words (nogoodnik, nudnik, kibbutznik).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-niks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-niki",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikim",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s",
"2": "-niki",
"3": "-nikim"
},
"expansion": "-nik (noun-forming suffix, plural -niks or -niki or -nikim)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English derogatory terms",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English noun-forming suffixes",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English suffixes",
"English terms derived from Slavic languages",
"English terms derived from Yiddish",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Hungarian translations"
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form nouns denoting a person who exemplifies, endorses, or is associated with a specified thing or quality, often a particular ideology or preference."
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
],
[
"exemplifies",
"exemplify#English"
],
[
"endorse",
"endorse#English"
],
[
"ideology",
"ideology#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sometimes derogatory) Used to form nouns denoting a person who exemplifies, endorses, or is associated with a specified thing or quality, often a particular ideology or preference."
],
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"morpheme",
"sometimes"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "used to form nouns denoting a person who exemplifies, endorses or is associated with a specified thing or quality",
"word": "-nyik"
}
],
"word": "-nik"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "-nikka"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian -nikka",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "-nikā"
},
"expansion": "Livonian -nikā",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "-nieks"
},
"expansion": "Latvian -nieks",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-ник"
},
"expansion": "Russian -ник (-nik)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compare Ingrian -nikka, Livonian -nikā, Latvian -nieks and Russian -ник (-nik).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-niku",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikku",
"tags": [
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "et-decl-õnnelik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "length gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "25/õnnelik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-nik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikud",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikud",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-niku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikud",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-niku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nike",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikkude",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikkusid",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikusse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikkudesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikkudes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikust",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikkudest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikkudele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikkudel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikult",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikelt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikkudelt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikuks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikeks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikkudeks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikuni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikkudeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikuna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikkudena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikuta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-niketa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikkudeta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikuga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikkudega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"10": "",
"2": "suffixes",
"3": "genitive",
"4": "-niku",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "partitive",
"8": "-nikku",
"9": "",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"f1accel-form": "gen|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f2accel-form": "gen|s",
"f3accel-form": "par|s",
"f3request": "1",
"f4accel-form": "par|s",
"g": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-nik (genitive -niku, partitive -nikku)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-niku",
"2": "-nikku",
"suff": "1"
},
"expansion": "-nik (genitive -niku, partitive -nikku)",
"name": "et-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ni"
},
"name": "et-decl-õnnelik"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"Estonian lemmas",
"Estonian noun-forming suffixes",
"Estonian suffixes",
"Estonian õnnelik-type nominals",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "kiri (“text”) + -nik → kirjanik (“writer”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "aed (“garden”) + -nik → aednik (“gardener”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "kunst (“art”) + -nik → kunstnik (“artist”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms occupational agent nouns. (non-productive)"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-nik"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-nikъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-nikъ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *-nikъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dsb-decl-noun-19",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-nik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nika",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-niki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nika",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikowu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikoju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nika",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikowu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-niki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-niku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dsb-decl-noun-19",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-nik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nika",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-niki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nika",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikowu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikoju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nika",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-niki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-niku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "-nik m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ni",
"2": "k",
"animate": "1"
},
"name": "dsb-decl-noun-19"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-nik",
"10": "-nika",
"11": "-nikowu",
"12": "-niki, -nikow",
"13": "-nikom",
"14": "-nikoma",
"15": "-nikami",
"16": "-niku",
"17": "-nikoma",
"18": "-nikach",
"2": "-nika",
"3": "-niki",
"4": "-nika",
"5": "-nikowu",
"6": "-nikow",
"7": "-nikoju",
"8": "-nikoma",
"9": "-nikam",
"name": "-nik"
},
"name": "dsb-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ni",
"2": "k"
},
"name": "dsb-decl-noun-19"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-nik",
"10": "-nik",
"11": "-nika",
"12": "-niki",
"13": "-nikom",
"14": "-nikoma",
"15": "-nikami",
"16": "-niku",
"17": "-nikoma",
"18": "-nikach",
"2": "-nika",
"3": "-niki",
"4": "-nika",
"5": "-nikowu",
"6": "-nikow",
"7": "-nikoju",
"8": "-nikoma",
"9": "-nikam",
"name": "-nik"
},
"name": "dsb-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-nica"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Lower Sorbian entries with incorrect language header",
"Lower Sorbian lemmas",
"Lower Sorbian masculine suffixes",
"Lower Sorbian noun-forming suffixes",
"Lower Sorbian suffixes",
"Lower Sorbian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Lower Sorbian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "rězaś (“to cut”) + -nik → rěznik (“butcher”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms masculine nouns referring to a performer of some action, sometimes a device; -er"
],
"links": [
[
"-er",
"-er"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/nʲik/"
}
],
"word": "-nik"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "right hand",
"translation": "right hand",
"word": "gichinik"
},
{
"english": "your arm",
"translation": "your arm",
"word": "ginik"
},
{
"english": "one arm; one armlength",
"translation": "one arm; one armlength",
"word": "ingodonik"
},
{
"english": "bracelet; garter",
"translation": "bracelet; garter",
"word": "jiiskinikebizon"
},
{
"english": "ten arms; ten armlengths",
"translation": "ten arms; ten armlengths",
"word": "midaasonik"
},
{
"english": "armband; bracelet",
"translation": "armband; bracelet",
"word": "minikeyaab"
},
{
"english": "my arm",
"translation": "my arm",
"word": "ninik"
},
{
"english": "his arm",
"translation": "his arm",
"word": "onik"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "-nikan",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oj",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "-nikan",
"5": "obligatorily possessed",
"cat2": "inanimate nouns",
"cat3": "dependent inanimate nouns"
},
"expansion": "-nik (plural -nikan, obligatorily possessed)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ojibwe",
"lang_code": "oj",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "-nik-"
},
{
"word": "-nike-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ojibwe dependent inanimate nouns",
"Ojibwe entries with incorrect language header",
"Ojibwe inanimate nouns",
"Ojibwe lemmas",
"Ojibwe nouns",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"oj:Body parts"
],
"glosses": [
"arm"
],
"links": [
[
"arm",
"arm"
]
],
"tags": [
"possessed-form"
]
}
],
"word": "-nik"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "-nik"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sla-pro:*-nikъ<id:nominal>",
"id": "nominal",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *-nъ\nProto-Indo-European *-eykos\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-eikas\nProto-Slavic *-ikъ\nProto-Slavic *-nikъ\nOld Polish -nik\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-eikas\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ikъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-nikъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"-nik\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" }\" data-id=\"nominal\" data-lang=\"zlw-opl\" data-title=\"-nik\" id=\"Old_Polish:_nominal\">\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *-nikъ.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *-nъ\nProto-Indo-European *-eykos\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-eikas\nProto-Slavic *-ikъ\nProto-Slavic *-nikъ\nOld Polish -nik\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *-nikъ.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "-nik m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Old Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Old Polish entries with etymon",
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish masculine suffixes",
"Old Polish suffixes",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"glosses": [
"forms masculine nouns referring to a performer of some action, sometimes a device"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/niːk/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/nik/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "-nik"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-opl:-nik<id:nominal>",
"id": "nominal",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *-nъ\nProto-Indo-European *-eykos\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-eikas\nProto-Slavic *-ikъ\nProto-Slavic *-nikъ\nOld Polish -nik\nPolish -nik\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-eikas\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ikъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-nikъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"-nik\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"-nik\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-id=\"nominal\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"-nik\" id=\"Polish:_nominal\">\nInherited from Old Polish -nik.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *-nъ\nProto-Indo-European *-eykos\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-eikas\nProto-Slavic *-ikъ\nProto-Slavic *-nikъ\nOld Polish -nik\nPolish -nik\nInherited from Old Polish -nik.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-masc-pers",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-nik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nicy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-niki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nika",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ników",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nika",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ników",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-niku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-niku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nicy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-masc-ani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-nik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-niki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nika",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ników",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nika",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-niki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-niku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-niku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-niki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "-nik m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"-nik"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"",
"nik"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ni",
"2": "k",
"3": "-nicy"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-masc-pers"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ni",
"2": "k"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-masc-ani"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-nica"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine suffixes",
"Polish suffixes",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ik",
"Rhymes:Polish/ik/1 syllable"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "rola + -nik → rolnik",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms masculine nouns referring to a performer of some action, sometimes a device; -er"
],
"links": [
[
"-er",
"-er"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɲik/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ik"
}
],
"word": "-nik"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "-enik"
},
{
"word": "-evnik"
},
{
"word": "-ovnik"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-nikъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-nikъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-nikъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-nikъ",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-nikъ, *-ьnikъ, itself originally by nominalization of adjectives in *-ьnъ with the suffix *-ikъ (whence -ik). The suffix originates from the Proto-Balto-Slavic period; compare with dialectal Lithuanian lauk-inykas (“peasant, farmer”) (from laũkas (“field”)) and Old Prussian lauk-inikis (“vassal”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ник",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-nik (Cyrillic spelling -ник)",
"name": "sh-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-ik"
},
{
"word": "-ica"
},
{
"word": "-nica"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Lithuanian links with redundant target parameters",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for accents in Serbo-Croatian suffix entries",
"Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"Serbo-Croatian lemmas",
"Serbo-Croatian suffixes",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic"
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix appended to nominal stems to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a professional, performer, adherent, place, object, tool or a feature."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-nik"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -nik meaning in All languages combined (25.7kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: noun-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-nik"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-nik",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.